Cardiac and vegetative manifestations of long-COVID in children.

Approximately 5-15% of children develop post-COVID-19 syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection, which manifests itself with various pathological symptoms for more than 12 weeks. Cardiovascular symptoms range from serious myocardial inflammation, manifestations of essential hypertension to signs of autonomic dysfunction with a tendency to hypersympathicotonia, which negatively affects the quality of life of children. We report a case of subacute myocarditis in a patient with long-COVID after a low-symptomatic acute disease. This case illustrates high clinical significance of timely diagnosis of long-COVID using gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, which was performed in our country for the first time in pediatric practice. We developed criteria for early diagnosis of autonomic dysfunction specific for children and adolescents. We also developed treatment recommendations, including behavioral therapy, drug, and non-drug treatments.Copyright © 2022, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

General and Specific Issues of Morbidity, Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of COVID-19 in Dental Practice

The article presents general information about etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations infections COVID-19. The features and factors affecting the prevalence of COVID-19 in European countries and in the Russian Federation are given. Mechanisms consideredinvasions of SARS-CoV-2 and specific clinical manifestations of COVID-19 encountered in dental practice. Provides supporting facts about three different ways of spreading COVID-19 in dental practice, as well as data that allow making a conclusion and the possibility of infection through other routes. The features of the diagnosis of COVID-19 in dental practice, namely the factors that allow diagnostics in the early stages of the disease, are considered. Conclusions are drawn on the preventionand prospects of studying the spread of COVID-19 in dental practice. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.Copyright © 2020 Ubiquity Press. All rights reserved.

Cardiac and vegetative manifestations of long-COVID in children

Approximately 5–15% of children develop post-COVID-19 syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection, which manifests itself with various pathological symptoms for more than 12 weeks. Cardiovascular symptoms range from serious myocardial inflammation, manifestations of essential hypertension to signs of autonomic dysfunction with a tendency to hypersympathicotonia, which negatively affects the quality of life of children. We report a case of subacute myocarditis in a patient with long-COVID after a low-symptomatic acute disease. This case illustrates high clinical significance of timely diagnosis of long-COVID using gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, which was performed in our country for the first time in pediatric practice. We developed criteria for early diagnosis of autonomic dysfunction specific for children and adolescents. We also developed treatment recommendations, including behavioral therapy, drug, and non-drug treatments.

Efficacy and safety of imidazolyl ethanamide pentandioic acid for COVID-19: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

COVID-19 is known to have two main clinical periods: active viral replication followed by immune dysregulation or hyperinflammatory response. Therefore, early initiation of antiviral therapy that limits viral replication and prevents life-threatening complication appears to be rational. Ingavirin is one of well-known antiviral drugs proved to be effective against a wide range of respiratory viruses in adults and children. The efficacy of Ingavirin against the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV was demonstrated in preclinical studies even before the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, preclinical studies developed the grounds for further assessment of its clinical efficacy in COVID-19 patients. Objective. To conduct phase III clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ingavirin (90-mg capsules) in COVID-19 patients during their outpatient treatment. Patients and methods. A total of 234 candidates of both sexes aged 18 to 75 years with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 were screened. Of them, 233 patients were recruited and randomized in one of the two groups: Ingavirin or placebo. Maximum treatment duration was 7 days. After its completion, the patients were followed up for 21+/-1 days. Results. Ingavirin demonstrated the superior efficacy over placebo for COVID-19 with respect to clinical recovery. Patients in the experimental group demonstrated faster clinical recovery (by 47.8 h) and alleviation of intoxication and individual catarrhal symptoms. Ingavirin also demonstrated a good safety profile as shown by the analysis of its side effects, tolerability, and laboratory parameters of the patients. Copyright © 2022, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

COVID-19 in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis

Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are a risk group for a severe course of respiratory viral diseases. In this regard, the European Cystic Fibrosis Society has developed the ECFS-COVID-19 surveillance program to collect information on the characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with cystic fibrosis, aimed at providing them with the necessary medical care. This article presents part of a study of Russian patients. Objective. To assess the prevalence and course of COVID-19 in Russian patients with CF and in the general Russian population. Materials and methods. From the beginning of the pandemic to December 31, 2020, 35 cases of COVID-19 in Russian children and adolescents with CF and 347,749 cases in the general population of children and adolescents were analyzed (findings from the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor). Results. The proportion of children with COVID-19 in the Russian Federation was 11.3% of all reported cases, and the proportion of CF patients with COVID-19 - 10.1 per 1,000 pediatric CF patients. The main symptoms of COVID-19 in children with CF were fever, cough, rhinorrhea, abdominal pain syndrome, and no loss of smell. Most CF patients had asymptomatic or mild form of COVID-19, and hospitalization was more frequent compared to the general pediatric population. Conclusion. The study resulted in determination of prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in CF patients and its clinical characteristics. Copyright © 2022, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

COVID-19: evolution of the pandemic in Russia.Report II: dynamics of the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants

Background. The ongoing pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) draws attention to the significance of molecular and genetic monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 spread among the population of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of circulation of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants in Russia. Materials and methods. The analysis of the circulation dynamics for SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants in Russia was carried out, covering the period from 28/12/2020 to 26/6/2022. The analysis included the data from Rospotrebnadzor Report No. 970 "Information about Infectious Diseases in Individuals with Suspected Novel Coronavirus Infection" and the Virus Genome Aggregator of Russia (VGARus). The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was confirmed by the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The primer panels developed at the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology were used for amplification of genomic fragments and the subsequent sequencing. Results and discussion. Using the Russian VGARus platform developed by the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, we received the data on mutational variability of SARS-CoV-2. By monitoring the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants in Russia from 28/12/2020 to 26/6/2022, we found that Delta and Omicron genetic variants prevailed at different stages of the epidemic. Conclusion. The data of molecular and genetic studies are an essential component of epidemiological surveillance, being critically important for making executive decisions aimed at prevention of further spread of SARS-CoV-2 and laying the groundwork for creating new vaccines. © 2022, Central Research Institute for Epidemiology. All rights reserved.

CONCLUSION OF EXPERTS. NEW POSSIBILITIES OF ETIOTROPIC THERAPY OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION.

In conclusion, topical aspects of the etiotropic therapy of a new coronavirus infection and the prospects for the use of SKYVIRA 1 , which is a Russian-made combined drug in the form of tablets based on INN nirmatrelvir + ritonavir, are presented. Target. Determination of the place of medicines based on the INN nirmatrelvir + ritonavir in the etiotropic therapy of patients with a new coronavirus infection, depending on the severity of the course and the timing of the visit to the doctor. Determination of the paradigm for further studies of drugs based on nirmatrelvir. Copyright © 2022, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

Pathomorphological changes in some organs and tissues of COVID-19 convalescent patients

New coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is highly contagious viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 leading to the pandemic. The autopsy of COVID-19 patients often showed features of previous brain diseases including neurodegeneration, previous strokes, demyelinating diseases and atherosclerosis. Patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents and severe COVID-19 had higher numbers of lethality in comparison to non-severe course of infection without cerebrovascular accidents. A comparative analysis of morphological changes in lungs of deceased patients who died in different periods of first clinical symptoms is to be conducted. Objective. Description of pathomorphological changes in deceased patients during the period of reconvalescence. Patients and methods. The analysis of 15 fatal cases which took place in Botkin Hospital with the diagnosis of ischemic stroke and new coronavirus infection in the previous 2-4 months has been held. Macro and microscope examination of brain, lungs, brachiocephalic arteries, kidneys and liver has been carried out. Results. All patients had morphological features of ischemic damage of grey matter in the brain. Beside necrosis of neurocytes with diffuse infiltration in the grey matter, hematoxylin cycles were found, in some cases they were placed in a perivascular way in choroid plexus. Also 5 patients suffered a myocardial infarction up to 3 days. 10 patients had structures disorganisation in areas of lung parenchyma with hystoacrchitectonic changes because of the fibrosis. Alveoli in some places collaborated mostly with single airway clearance. The fact that most patients had lung hemosiderosis can prove coronavirus infection suffered earlier with microcirculatory bed damage. Conclusion. Thus, morphological changes seen in the period of reconvalescence of COVID-19 is a result of pathomorphosis of changes described earlier for acute period of coronavirus infection and affect not only lungs, but also other organs and tissues. This proves systematic characteristic of the infection.

[New opportunities for preventive anti-inflammatory therapy in the management of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19].

The specific feature of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is high risk of hyperinflammatory response or cytokine storm development, which underly the pathogenesis of several life-threatening conditions and determine the disease outcomes. Pathophysiological features of COVID-19 justify the search of effective drugs capable to control the hyperinflammatory response. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Aterixen (1-[2-(1-Мethylimidazol-4-yl)-ethyl]perhydroazin-2,6-dion) for achieving clinical improvement in adult patients hospitalized with moderate and severe COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multicenter, adaptive, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Aterixen , tablets, 100 mg, in patients with COVID-19. The study analysis included 116 patients who, by randomization, were divided into 2 groups: 57 patients were included in the Aterixen drug group and 59 patients were in the placebo group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Obtained results have shown high efficacy and statistically significant superiority of Aterixen over placebo. Thus, it allows us to consider it as viable medication for COVID-19 pathogenetic therapy.

MICROBIOME AND THE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19)

The new coronavirus infection has been the leading public health problem in all countries for the past two years, causing enormous social and economic damage. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection continues to be studied, where the role of microflora of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is considered to be important. The «intestine-lungs» functional axis, which ensures the interaction of the microbial communities of the respiratory tract and GIT, plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of the COVID-19 infection, the development of inflammatory reaction in lung tissue and its subsequent restoration, as well as the formation of secondary bacterial complications. The intestinal infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus causes significant changes in the diversity and functional activity of intestine microbiota affecting negatively on the immune response patterns and maintenance of the colonization resistance of the mucous membranes. Summarizing the presented data of scientific publications on the problem of microbiome changes with the new coronavirus infection and the role of the «intestine-lungs» functional axis, the search for the modulation of the intestinal/respiratory microbiome seems promising with the purpose of not only preventing the progression of the disease, but also reducing of the duration of the disease and the severity of the symptoms of lung and GIT injury, as well as post-COVID symptoms prevention.

Efficacy and Safety of Peptide Vaccine in Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Prospective Study among Healthcare Professionals

The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus infection remains the topical health issue and constitutes serious threat to the entire world. Nowadays, active immunization against new type of coronavirus infection continues in Russian Federation and in all other countries. Vaccination is the crucial component in comprehensive program for COVID-19 prevention and control. Mass immunization of population can prevent both admissions and hospitalization in conditions of high incidence of COVID-19 and thereby reduce the burden on the health system. Despite the remaining complications in combating the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, preventive vaccination is by far the most effective method for protection against this infection Clinical studies on the efficacy of various preventive vaccinations in different regions of the world are extremely relevant especially under conditions of the emergency use authorization for vaccines against new coronavirus infection, the changing epidemiological situation, and the wide variability of different types of vaccines. All countries will need continuously updated data on vaccine efficacy to address new challenges such as weakening post-vaccine protection, new SARS-CoV-2 strains, and need for other preventive measures to mitigate the pandemic.

COVID-19 as many-faced Janus. On the classification of a new coronavirus infection

The spectrum of the clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19 varies from asymptomatic to severe forms of the disease leading to death. The most commonly affected in patients with COVID-19 system is the respiratory system, but other organ systems can also be affected by the virus. We propose a classification of the clinical forms of COVID-19, which includes: acute respiratory infection (affecting only the upper respiratory tract);pneumonia: without ARF, with ARF;anosmia/parosmia/ cacosmia;cerebral form (meningitis, meningoencephalitis);gastrointestinal form, including hepatitis;oligosymptomatic form/ asymptomatic form;combined forms. Sepsis, septic (infectious-toxic) shock;DIC, thrombosis and thromboembolism are proposed to be considered as complications of the underlying disease. Present classification can help clinicians to diagnose COVID-19 at an early stage, identify atypical infection forms, and assign appropriate treatment. © 2021, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

Use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs during the COVID19 pandemic. Resolution of the Expert Council of the Russian Society for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases

The spread and consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic are currently one of the most pressing public health challenges in the world. Despite the fact that experience accumulates in the treatment and monitoring of COVID19 patients, certain aspects are still a clinical dilemma. In particular, this regarded the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during the pandemic, both as a symptomatic treatment of infection, and in patients with comorbidities requiring NSAID. A series of studies did not establish evidence of the risk of infection and complications from NSAID therapy in COVID19. At the same time, the practitioner should take into account the risk of specific NSAIDassociated complications, which also remain relevant during the COVID19 pandemic. This resolution focuses on the evolution of ideas about NSAID use and safety in COVID19, and also emphasizes the particular relevance of their use for a number of clinical situations. © 2022 Vserossiiskoe Obshchestvo Kardiologov. All rights reserved.

Diagnostics of a new coronavirus infection in children admitted to a multidisciplinary hospital

The second decade of the 21st century started with the emergence of a new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, affecting humans and causing COVID-19 infection. Children usually have mild disease with one-third of them being asymptomatic, which hinders diagnostics of this infection and does not prevent hospitalization of infected children with non-respiratory disorders to hospitals. Objective. To assess the incidence and specific characteristics of COVID-19 among children emergently admitted to a multidisciplinary hospital not intended for hospitalization of patients with COVID-19. Patients and methods. We performed retrospective analysis of medical records of children admitted to different departments of a multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow between 20.03.2020 and 20.07.2020 (9,779 were discharged during this period). Results. A total of 64 children aged 1 month to 17 years admitted to 10 different departments had positive PCR results for COVID-19 (nasal/oropharyngeal swabs) upon admission to hospital. Fifteen patients (23.4%) had asymptomatic coronavirus infection. These were primarily children of school age and less often of preschool age admitted to the Departments of Traumatology, Surgery with injuries, fractures, exacerbation of chronic nephrological or abdominal disorders. Twenty-four participants (37.5%) presented with mild or none catarrhal symptoms, whereas 12 children were diagnosed with pneumonia. The highest number of SARS-CoV-2-positive children (n = 30;46.9%) were admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases, as could be expected. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that, in general, the current situation reflects our knowledge about COVID-19. Children usually have mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 and play a significant role in virus transmission, contributing to the continuation of the pandemic. Our results have high clinical and epidemiological significance and require further investigations among children of different ages to accumulate the data. © 2021, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Objective. To analyze clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, and findings of instrumental examination in children with SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS). Patients and methods. This study included 60 children aged 1 to 18 years (mean age 8 years) diagnosed with MIS and treated in Khimki Regional Hospital between 06.2020 and 10.2021. All patients underwent standard examination. Results. The majority of MIS patients (87%) were treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to severity of their condition;71% of them were transferred to ICU directly from the admission department. None of children received antiviral therapy upon first encounter with the virus. The proportion of patients with type A blood (group II) was 1.5 times higher than that in the general population. Nine children (15%) were overweight and 5 children (8.3%) were obese. Almost two-thirds of participants (64%) had 3 and 4 systems of organs simultaneously involved in the pathological process. Most commonly, the disease affected the gastrointestinal tract (88%), skin and mucous membranes (77%), cardiovascular system (77%), and urinary tract (43%). Children with MIS were characterized by moderate neutrophilic leukocytosis with a left shift, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, elevated CRP (up to 66x of the upper limit), elevated ferritin (up to 23x of the upper limit), elevated D-dimer, and prolonged aPTT. Conclusion. SARS-CoV-2-related MIS is one of the most severe manifestations of COVID-19 in children, and requires a differential diagnosis with bacterial infections. © 2021, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

Mono- and mixed respiratory tract infections in children: Relevance of the problem during the COVID-19 pandemics

Acute respiratory infections are one of the most common infections in children worldwide. The implementation of novel highly accurate diagnostic methods demonstrated that a significant proportion of respiratory tract infections are caused by more than one pathogen (virus plus virus or virus plus bacterium). Most frequently, mixed infections are observed in young children, which, in addition to non-specificity of most clinical manifestations, necessitates pathogen identification in order to prevent inadequate use of antibiotics. © 2021, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

The lung-gut axis and COVID-19

This review summarizes relevant scientific literature analyzing the lung-gut axis and its association with coronavirus infection (COVID-19), lesions to the gastrointestinal tract caused by this infection, and state of the microbiome. Approximately 20%–50% of COVID-19 patients have such symptoms as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, as well as SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in their feces. Therefore, investigation of the virus effect on the gastrointestinal tract and its commensal flora is important not only for research purposes, but for clinical practice, since patients with COVID-19 demonstrate both qualitative and quantitative changes in their microbiome. The latter may serve as a basis for the development of additional probiotic therapy for gastrointestinal lesions in COVID-19 patients. Despite the existing evidence, it is still necessary to clarify the effect of the intestinal microbiome on the pathogenesis of coronavirus infection and the disease course. © 2021, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.

A case of SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an 8-year-old child

After the first wave of new coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, when it became obvious that children carry COVID-19 in a milder form than adults, scientists and doctors around the world faced with a severe delayed form of the disease - SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), characteristic for children and young adults under 21. In this publication authors present the first case of SARS-CoV-2-associated MIS of moderate severity in an 8-year-old girl diagnosed in Khimki Regional Hospital. Disease course had characteristic features, however, considering minimal data available at the time of the child’s treatment in the hospital (May 2020) in the literature, and lack of clinical experience in diagnosing and treating such condition, the differential diagnosis was performed with acute respiratory disease, infectious mononucleosis and acute glomerulonephritis. После первой волны новой коронавирусной инфекции, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, когда стало очевидно, что дети переносят COVID-19 в более легкой форме, чем взрослые, ученые и врачи всего мира столкнулись с тяжелой отсроченной формой заболевания - мультисистемным воспалительным синдромом (МВС), ассоциированным с SARS-CoV-2, характерным для детей и молодых взрослых до 21 года. В настоящей публикации представляем первый диагностированный нами на базе ГАУЗ «Химкинская областная больница» МЗ МО случай течения МВС, ассоциированного c SARS-CoV-2, средней степени тяжести у девочки 8 лет. Течение данного заболевания имело характерные черты, однако, учитывая минимальное количество данных, имевшихся на момент лечения ребенка в стационаре (май 2020 г.) в литературе, и отсутствие у врачей собственного клинического опыта диагностики и лечения подобного состояния, дифференциальный диагноз проводили с острым респираторным заболеванием, инфекционным мононуклеозом и острым гломерулонефритом.

New coronavirus infection COVID-19: features of the course in children in the Russian Federation

Objective of the research: to determine clinical and epidemiological features of the course of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 in children in the Russian Federation (RF). Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of all confirmed COVID-19 cases in children in the first half of 2020 in the Russian Federation was performed. Information about patients (age, sex, examination date, place of residence, disease severity final diagnosis, etc.) was taken from the database containing the Rospotrebnadzor report form № 970 «Information on cases of infectious diseases in persons with suspected new coronavirus infection» January - June 2020 across the Russian Federation. Research results were processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 program. To assess the differences in nominal indicators (proportions), the Pearson x² test was used. The results were considered statistically significant at p<0,05. Results: in the RF, the total number of children infected with COVID-19 in the first half of 2020 amounted to 8,4% among all patients with this infection. Children of all ages get sick with COVID-19, and boys are slightly more likely than girls (52,2% versus 47,8%, p>0,05). In children, the maximum number of cases is registered in family foci - 75%. Upper respiratory tract infections were diagnosed in 72,1% of patients. The proportion of pneumonia was 1,8%, and ⅔ of children were over 3 years old (p<0,001). In almost ⅓ of patients, the infection course had no clinical manifestations. 18,2% of children at the disease onset had increased body temperature, while only 3,5% of children had hyperthermia above 39⁰ C. Cough was registered in 50,8% of cases. Rhinitis/rhinopharyngitis developed only in every 4^th child. Symptoms pathognomonic for COVID-19, such as loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia), were recorded only in 17% of cases. 41,3% of patients received treatment in a hospital, and among them children under 3 years of age predominated. Conclusion: in children in the RF, the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is generally favorable. Цель исследования: определить клинико-эпидемиологические особенности течения новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19), вызванной SARS-CoV-2, у детей в Российской Федерации (РФ). Материалы и методы исследования: проведен ретроспективный анализ всех случаев подтвержденной COVID-19 у детей в первом полугодии 2020 г. в РФ. Информация о пациентах (возраст, пол, дата обследования, место жительства, тяжесть болезни, заключительный диагноз и др.) взята из базы данных, содержащей формы отчета Роспотребнадзора № 970 «Информация о случаях инфекционных заболеваний у лиц с подозрением на новую коронавирусную инфекцию» за январь-июнь 2020 г. по РФ. Результаты исследования обработаны с использованием программы IBM SPSS Statistics 26. Для оценки различий номинальных показателей (долей) использовали критерий х² Пирсона. Результаты считали статистически значимыми при р<0,05. Результаты: в РФ общее число заразившихся COVID-19 детей в первом полугодии 2020 г. составило 8,4% среди всех заболевших этой инфекцией. COVID-19 болеют дети всех возрастов, при этом мальчики несколько чаще, чем девочки (52,2% против 47,8%, р>0,05). У детей максимальное количество случаев болезни регистрируется в семейных очагах - 75%. Инфекции верхних дыхательных путей были диагностированы у 72,1% пациентов. Доля пневмоний составила 1,8%, при этом ⅔ детей были старше 3 лет (р<0,001). Почти у ⅓ пациентов инфекция протекала без клинических проявлений. У 18,2% детей в дебюте болезни отмечено повышение температуры тела, при этом гипертермия выше 39⁰ С была выявлена лишь у 3,5% детей. Кашель регистрировался в 50,8% случаев. Ринит/ринофарингит развивался лишь у каждого 4-го ребенка. Такие патогномоничные для COVID-19 симптомы, как потеря обоняния (аносмия) и вкуса (агевзия), регистрировались только в 17% случаев. 41,3% пациентов получали лечение в стационаре, при этом среди госпитализированных преобладали дети до 3 лет. Заключение: у детей новая коронавирусная инфекция COVID-19 в РФ протекает в целом благоприятно.

Recombinant interferons in comprehensive therapy for new coronavirus infection

The second decade of the 21st century has brought us a new coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, which affects not only animals (livestock, companion animals, birds), but also people, causing severe disease in them (COVID-19) with various clinical variants: From upper respiratory tract lesions to sepsis and thromboembolism. Coronaviruses are known to suppress the production of IFN-I. Therefore, administration of IFN-I is a promising strategy for early treatment and prevention of COVID-19. In the Russian Federation, treatment of COVID-19 in children is performed in accordance with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Russia and depends on the clinical form of the disease. Mild and moderate forms of the disease, observed in the majority of children, are treated according to the protocols for managing ARVI, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia in children. However, the fact that non-severe COVID-19 shares clinical manifestations with other infections caused by respiratory viruses and herpesviruses (including cytomegalovirus, HHV6A/B, and Epstein-Barr virus), as well as recently increased proportion of mixed viral infections necessitate (until the etiological diagnosis is confirmed) the administration of drugs recommended for the treatment of seasonal ARVI (including intranasal forms of IFN-α, etc.). Such therapeutic tactics often ensures faster improvement and symptom elimination. We report a case of mixed respiratory infection caused by two viruses (SARS-CoV-2 and Epstein–Barr virus) in a child. Early treatment with recombinant interferon-α2b with taurine resulted in fever alleviation and normalization of child’s condition by the moment of transfer to a specialized department. © 2020, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.